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Brit. /
manj
fakt
/, U.S. /mæn(j)fæk(t)r/ Forms: 16- manufacture, 17 manufactor. [< MANUFACTURE n. Compare Middle French, French manufacturer (c1576; 1538 as participial adjective), post-classical Latin manifacturare (a1567 in a document from Genoa), Italian manifatturare (Florio, 1598).]
1. trans.
a. To make (a product, goods, etc.) from, (out) of raw material; to produce (goods) by physical labour, machinery, etc., now esp. on a large scale. Also in extended use.
1648 H. PARKER Of Free Trade 21 All other English Merchants..may buy, and vend again all sorts of English Wares that are fully manufactured.
1755 JOHNSON Dict. Eng. Lang.,
Manufacture, to make by art and labour.
1794 Columbian Gazetteer 6 Feb. 3/3 (
advt.) Shall we object to this tune, merely because it is of foreign growth? Certain no. Scarcely a tune that is played is manufactured in America.
1825 J. R. MCCULLOCH Princ. Polit. Econ. I. 35 The facilities given to the exportation of goods manufactured at home.
1849 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 65 373/1 The manufacturers..
manufactured paupers. Where the land produced one pauper, manufacturers created half-a-dozen.
1878 W. S. JEVONS Polit. Econ. 25 We cannot manufacture any goods unless we have some matter to work upon.
1901 B. T. W
ASHINGTON Up from Slavery x. 152 Last season our students manufactured twelve hundred thousand of first-class bricks, of a quality suitable to be sold in any market.
1922 ‘R. CROMPTON’ More William (1924) xii. 198 He often whiled away the dullest hours..by..throwing paper pellets at her (manufactured previously for the purpose).
1942 E. L
ANGLEY Pea Pickers i. 4 He carried on a thriving business of dried tea leaves from which he manufactured reconditioned tea.
1987 C. T
HUBRON Behind Wall iii. 68 China, alone in the world, still manufactures steam
engines
blackly gleaming heavyweights.
b. In extended use (chiefly depreciative): to produce (literary work) in a mechanical or formulaic way, with little or no creativity, imagination, or originality.
1771 Junius Lett. l. 259 He seems to manufacture his verses for the sole use of the hero.
1809 BYRON Eng. Bards & Sc. Reviewers 4 (
note) The poem was manufactured for Messrs. Constable, Murray, and Miller, worshipful Booksellers, in consideration of the receipt of a sum of money; and truly, considering the inspiration, it is a very creditable production.
1856 Ladies' Repository Mar. 170/2 Let us again manufacture some verse..and try if it satisfies the idea of poetry.
1876 G. O. TREVELYAN Life & Lett. Macaulay I. iii 134 He was fond of setting himself to manufacture conceits resembling those on the heroes of the Trojan War.
c. Of a person, organism, organ, etc.: to produce (a substance, energy, etc.) through a biological process.
1851 S. A. C
ARTWRIGHT in
Debow's Rev. Aug. 194 Looking at a negro asleep, breathing the mephitic air called carbonic acid gas, manufactured in his own lungs.
1876 J. S. BRISTOWE Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. II. vi. 854 The liver, besides manufacturing bile, is also an organ for [etc.].
1899 T. C. ALLBUTT et al.
Syst. Med. VIII. 464 Poisons manufactured within the system can act in a similar manner.
1974 A. J. HUXLEY Plant & Planet (1978) i. 12 Unique characteristic of plants is their capacity to manufacture energy from light.
1994 Jrnl. Hist. Ideas 55 190 Galen had given prominence to the liver as the organ which continually manufactures blood.
2. a. trans. To make up or bring (raw material, ingredients, etc.) into a form suitable for use; to work up as or convert into a specified product. Also in extended use.
1683 T. TRYON Way to Health 81 Milk likewise altered and Manufactur'd (if I may call it so) by the good House-Wives Art and Industry, yields many other sorts of good Food.
1683 Britanniæ Speculum 13 Very fine Wooll..but being manufactured into Cloth and Stuffs, is dispersed all over the World.
1716 J. ARBUTHNOT Petition of Colliers 2 Totally prohibit the Confining and Manufacturing the Sun-Beams for any of the useful Purposes of Life.
1761 GIBBON Jrnl. 4 Aug. in
Misc. Wks. (1796) I. 107 It may afford such a fund of materials as I desire, which have not yet been properly manufactured.
1798 T. JONES Mem. (1951) 138 This Tablebeer, with the addition of Brandy, Rum or Geneva, he was manufactoring into Flip.
1842 J. AITON Domest. Econ. (1857) 217 The method of manufacturing milk just
describedthat is, of churning the whole into butter.
1883 Times 2 Apr. 4 A factory in which the ‘leaf’..is manufactured into tea.
1902 Ardrossan Herald 31 Jan. 2/3 The multure is a quantity of grain..sometimes manufactured as flour, meal, sheeling.
1903 Philos. Rev. 12 620 In man..that raw material, that sensible and single picture of that individual..tree may, by the mysterious process of intuition that we call abstraction, be converted, manufactured, into the intellectual universal representation of the tree in itself.
1935 L. MELVILLE Errol 65 Hundreds of tons of potatoes were manufactured into farina at this mill.
1991 Amer. Q. 43 686 Travel destinations such as Sea World or Disneyland..where nature or history is manipulated and manufactured into entertainment rather than preserved.
b. intr. Of a raw material: to permit of being manufactured. Obs. rare.
1763 Museum Rusticum I. 12 The flax thus managed dresses and manufactures much better.
3. trans. To invent (a fiction); to deliberately fabricate (a story, statement, etc.).
1700 R. BLACKMORE Song of Moses in
Paraphr. Job 243 The Fools, the Gods they serve, themselves create, All upstart Deitys of modern Date. Gods the productions of fantastic Fear, Not Gods above, but manufactur'd here.
1762 GIBBON Misc. Wks. (1814) IV. 110 The speech is evidently manufactured by the historian.
1777 A. HAMILTON Let. 29 July in
Papers (1961) I. 294 Prisoners..know very well how to manufacture stories calculated to serve the purposes of the side they belong to.
1839 T. CARLYLE French Revol. (ed. 2) III.
V. vi. 300 The largest, most inspiring piece of
blague manufactured, for some centuries.
1862 J. H. BURTON Bk.-hunter II. 125 Irish bulls..manufactured for the..anecdote-books betray their artificial origin.
1902 B. L. G
ILDERSLEEVE in
Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 23 449 The ancients manufactured a hostility between Homer and Hesiod, Pindar and Bakchylides, Aischylos and Sophocles.
1988 ‘R. D
EACON’
Spyclopaedia 51 Boss..made attempts to manufacture evidence against..Western politicians.
4. trans. To manage or contrive to make (a gesture, etc.); to perform (an act) or bring about (a situation, an occurrence, etc.) by artifice or contrivance.
1915 L. M. MONTGOMERY Anne of Island xv. 151 ‘Why, Anne, you don't seem a bit pleased!’ she exclaimed. Anne instantly manufactured a smile and put it on.
1940 E. HEMINGWAY For whom Bell Tolls xviii. 230 You couldn't wait for the real Peasant Leader to arrive and he might have too many peasant characteristics when he did. So you had to manufacture one.
1976 Evening Post (
Nottingham
)
17 Dec. 31/6 Billy Ashcroft and Bobby Shinton, a £20,000 buy from Cambridge, form a dangerous partnership and with the experienced Arfon Griffiths capable of manufacturing openings, it is a test of character for Peter Morris's side.
1988 Golf Monthly June 135/1 Best of all was the 8-iron she manufactured from the back edge of a fairway bunker at the 323 yards 16th.
1996 A. G
HOSH Calcutta Chromosome (1997) vii. 37 Various people within the organization put their heads together and manufactured a small research project that would allow him to spend some time in Calcutta.
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