This new print publication provides a unique resource for scholars researching linguistic and literary history, the history of the language, social history, and more. Read more and see a sample page.
arch. and
dial.(d
l, du
l) Forms: 
. 3-4 deol, del, (3 deil, 4 diol, dyel), 4-5 deel, dele, (deyl(le); 
. 3-5 doel, (5 doell); 3-5 dol, (4-5 doul, 5 doll), 4-9 dool, dole, (4-7 doole, 6 doal(e, 7 dowle); 4 doil, 4-5 doile, doyl, doyll, 5 doylle; 
. 4 duel, dul, 4-9 dule, 4-5 duyl, 5 Sc. dwle, 6-7 dulle, duill; 6 deul, 6-7 dewle, 7-8 Sc. deule; 
. 5 duyel, dueyl, deuel, 6-7 dueil. [a. OF. doel (11th c.), duel (12-14th c.), deol, diol, dial, diel, del (13th c.), dol, dul, deul (14th c.), duil, dueil (16-17th c.), mod.F. deuil:
late L. dolium grief. The manifold forms of the OF. word are reflected in Middle English. The deol type, which first prevailed, and was at length reduced to d
l, became obs. before 1500. The d
l, dole form survived in English till the 16th c., and its normal representative in modern English is dool; but the word became to a great extent obsolete by 1600, and some of its modern revivers have preferred the ME. spelling dole. It has always been retained in Sc., where it is now regularly (døl, dyl), variously spelt dool, duil, dule; dule also occurred in English from 14th to 16thc., and is used in preference to dole or dool by some modern poets. In addition to these derivatives from OF., the forms duyel, dueyl, deuel, dueil, imitating later French types, occur from Caxton onwards.]
1. Grief, sorrow, mental distress.
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 42/285 Ech man hadde deol
erof.
1307 Elegy Edw. I, vii, For del ne mihte he speke na more.
c1320 Cast. Love 110 Alas whiche sorewe and dyel ther wes!
1393 LANGL. P. Pl. C.
XXI. 306 And al hus issue sholden deye with deol.
c1420 Anturs of Arth. xxv, Thenke quat..dele, that I inne duelle.
a1240 Wohunge in
Cott. Hom. 285 Leue me vnderstonde
i dol and herteli to felen sum hwat of
e sorhe.
c1320 Seuyn Sag. (W.) 2574 For doel therof amorewe he starf.
c1330 R. BRUNNE Chron. 165 [She] felle R[ichard] to fote gretand,
at doole him nam.
c1375 Sc. Leg. Saints, Thomas 250 He vald.bryne
ame sene ine doile and va.
c1430 LYDG. Bochas I. i. (1544) 4a, Continual sorow, dread, dole.
c1450 Merlin 90 The quene dide wepe as she that hadde grete doel.
c1460 Towneley Myst. (Surtees) 62 Alas for doylle we dy!
1579 SPENSER Sheph. Cal. Feb. 155, I..Am like for desperate doole to dye.
1580 SIDNEY Ps. XLIII. vi, Why art thou, my soule, Cast down in such dole?
a1605 POLWART Flyting w. Montgomerie 526 Dryve, with doole, to death detestabill, This mad malitious monster miserabill.
1667 MILTON P.L. IV. 894 To change Torment with ease, & soonest recompence Dole with delight.
1776 C. KEITH Farmer's Ha' 31 They banish hence a' care and dool.
1820 SCOTT Monast. v, The Kelpy has risen from the fathomless pool, He has lighted his candle of death and of dool.
1850 MRS. BROWNING Poems II. 87 Earth's warm-beating joy and dole.
a1300 Cursor M. 23975 (Cott.) Hir dule [
v.r. dole] ne ma i noght for-dill, Bot wit hir wepeing wepe i will.
c1425 WYNTOUN Cron. VIII. xxvii. 93 The Dwle,
at ai had in
at Fycht.
1500-20 DUNBAR Poems xiv. 23 The dulis that communis dois sustene.
1631 A. CRAIG Pilgr. & Heremite 7 Thy duill, her delight.
a1850 ROSSETTI Dante & Circ. II. (1874) 287, I stand all day in fear and dule.
1307 Elegy Edw. I, i, My song, Of duel that Deth hath diht us newe.
c1477 CAXTON Jason 18b, Wherof their king..hath had grete dueyl and sorowe.
Ibid. 116 Jason demened so grete a duyel and sorow.
2. The expression of sorrow or grief; mourning, weeping, lamentation; chiefly in phr. to make dole, to lament, mourn.
c1290 Beket 645 in
S. Eng. Leg. I. 125
e deol
at thomas makede: no tounge telle ne may.
a1300 Fall & Passion 83 in
E.E.P. (1862) 15 Who
speki of deil
a-
e at del . neuer such nas
er none.
c1350 Leg. Cath., Joachim & Anna 133 Gret diol made Anne for him.
1393 LANGL. P. Pl. C. xx. 318
auh men maken muche deol in here angre, And beo inpacient in here penaunces.
c1420 Chron. Vilod. 774 For hurre deth he made gret deylle.
a1300 Cursor M. 10455 (Gött.)
u blamys me for i mak dol.
Ibid. 16752 + 97 (Cott.) Ilk a creature for his ded made doyl on
er wise.
c1380 WYCLIF Serm. Sel. Wks. II. 99 Jesus making dool in himsilf cam to
e sepulcre.
c1450 Merlin 34 After the corse was made grete doel and wepynge.
a1547 SURREY Æneid IV. 43 Time of thy doole, thy spouse new dead, I graunt None might thee move.
1600 SHAKES. A.Y.L. I. ii. 139 Making such pittiful dole.
1790 BURNS Bard's Epitaph 5 Owre this grassy heap sing dool, And drap a tear.
1859 TENNYSON Elaine 1130 She died. So that day there was dole in Astolat.
c1380 Sir Ferumb. 3785 Four sithes he ful a-doun y-sowe, &
ore dules made ynowe, & ofte cryede, ‘Alas!’
c1425 Seven Sag. (P.) 710 For the dule he made ther-fore, The knyght hym selven he was for-lore.
1513 DOUGLAS Æneis II. i. 25 Thair langsum duile and murnyng.
1546 St. Papers Hen. VIII, XI. 13 There was evensong song of our Lady, very freshely, to recompense the deul bifore.
1559 SACKVILLE in
Mirr. Mag. Induct. xiv, The deadly dewle, which she so sore dyd make, With dolefull voice.
1567 FENTON Fragm. Disc. 12 Dolefull voyce, redoubled with an eccho of treble dule.
c1500 Melusine xxxiii. 234 He lefte & passed his deuel the best wyse that he coude.
a1656 USSHER Ann. vi. (1688) 95 Continual dueil, and mourning for him.
b. clothes, habit, weeds of dole: mourning garments, = sense 5. Obs.
c1340 Cursor M. 10419 (Laud) Clothis of dele [
v.r. deol] she did on thore.
1388 WYCLIF 2 Sam. xiv. 2 Be thou clothid with clooth of duyl [
v.rr. deol, doel, deel, deyl].
1577 FENTON Gold. Epist. (1582) 5 To weare attire of dule.
3. Physical pain or suffering. Obs. rare.
c1320 Sir Beues 602
is is
e ferste dai of
oul,
e god was boren
wi outen doul.
c1350 Will. Palerne 2757 He for dul of
e dent diued to
e ground.
4. That which excites sorrow, grief, or pity; a grievous or piteous thing; a grief, sorrow.
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 43/303
at deol it was to seo.
1413 Pilgr. Sowle (Caxton 1483)
IV. xxxviii. 63 Grete doel and pyte was hit to byholde.
c1430 Chev. Assigne 359 Hit was doole for to see y
e sorowe y
t he made.
c1450 Erle Tolous 801 Grete dele hyt was to see.
c1450 Cov. Myst. (1841) 47 Gret doyl it is to se this watyr so wyde!
1789 BURNS To Toothache iv, O' a' the numerous human dools..Thou bear'st the gree.
5. transf. Clothing or trappings worn as a sign of mourning; ‘mourning’. Obs.
c1500 Melusine xxxiv. 239 The kynge..fette the pucelle, and despoylled her of her dueyl & black clothing.
1599 Sickness & Death Philip II, in
Harl. Misc. (Malh.) II. 286 My body shall be borne by eight of my chiefest servants..all in dewle.
1636 in
Macm. Mag. XLVI. 80 A horsse in doole.
16.. in
Q. Eliz. Acad. (1869) 32 Sertayne gentlemen in Dowle.
1734 R. KEITH Hist. Ch. & St. Scot. 207 (Jam.) To wear the deule for that day.
6. A funeral. Obs. exc. dial.
1548 HALL Chron., Hen. V, 50 The conduyt & ordre of thys dolorous dole was commaunded to sir William Philip treasorer of the kinges houshold.
a1828 T. BEWICK Upgetting (1850) 13 ‘The spak o' the great Swire's deeth..and the number oh fwoak that went to his dhael.’
7. A fanciful term for a company of doves. [From their mournful cooing.] Obs.
1486 Bk. St. Albans Fvjb, A Duell of Turtillis.
8. attrib., as dole colour; dole-cloth, -pall, a funeral pall; dole (dule) habit, weeds, mourning clothes; dule tree, ? a hanging-tree, a gibbet.
1508 DUNBAR Tua Mariit Wemen 420, I drup..with a ded luke, in my dule habit.
1535 STEWART Cron. Scot. III. 73
oung Alexander was crownit King efter King Williame his Fader deceissit, and tuke on him the Dule Weid, and for his Saik delt Almous Deid.
1536 BELLENDEN Cron. Scot. (1821) I. 241 Arrayit in thair dule habit, for doloure of thair husbandis.
1542 in T. Thomson
Collect. Inventories 103 (Jam.) Item, foure doule palis of blak clayth.
1710 J. WILSON in
Collect. Dying Test. (1806) 154 Then Zion got on her dool weed.
1870 EDGAR Runnymede 178 The dule tree is your sure doom.
1876 Whitby Gloss.,
Dooalweeds, mourning attire.
1881 STEVENSON Virg. Puerisque 165 The gibbets and dule trees of mediæval Europe.
This message is confidential. You should not copy it or disclose its contents to anyone. You may use and apply the information for the intended purpose only. OUP does not accept legal responsibility for the contents of this message. Any views or opinions presented are those of the author only and not of OUP. If this email has come to you in error, please delete it, along with any attachments. Please note that OUP may intercept incoming and outgoing email communications.
No comments:
Post a Comment