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Brit. /r
vju
/, U.S. /r
vju/, /rivju/ Forms: 15 reuew, 15 revew, 15-16 reuewe, 15-16 reuiew, 15-16 reuiewe, 15-16 revewe, 15-16 reviewe, 15- review, 16 reueiw, 16 reuieue, 16 reveive, 16 reveiw, 16 reveiwe, 16 revieu, 16 reviewe; Sc. pre-17 revewe, pre-17 17- review. [< REVIEW n., partly after Middle French reveoir, Middle French, French revoir to view a second time (end of the 10th cent. in Old French as revedeir), to examine or inspect (something) again (13th cent., originally and frequently with specific reference to re-examining a text), to look back in retrospect over (events, a period of time) (1651), to revise or go over (material already studied or learnt) (1686). Compare classical Latin revid
re to pay another visit (to), to revisit, in post-classical Latin also to see (a person or thing) again (6th cent.), to inspect, examine (14th cent.), Old Occitan revezer, Catalan reveure (15th cent.), Spanish rever (late 13th cent.; in sense ‘to revise’ now only common in American Spanish (Argentina), while the usual verb in this sense is revisar REVISE v.), Portuguese rever (14th cent. as rreuer), Italian rivedere (late 13th cent.; also 
rividere), and also German revidieren (second half of the 16th cent.; < Latin). Compare earlier REVISE v., with which the word shows semantic overlap]
1. trans. Law. To subject (a decree, act, judgment, etc.) to examination or revision, esp. by a higher court or authority.
1573 in J. H. Burton
Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 250 Sir James Balfour of Pettindreycht knight desyrit the decreit gevin be thame aganis him..to be revewit according to the Act of Pacificatioun.
1621 H. ELSING Notes Debates House of Lords (1870) 120 All my decrees have ben reviewed: yea, all my orders and peticions.
1697 DRYDEN tr. Virgil
Æneis VI, in tr. Virgil
Wks. 379 Nor want they Lots, nor Judges to review The wrongful Sentence.
1771 Junius Lett. (1788) lx. 323 That parliament may review the acts of ministers is unquestionable.
1858 LD. ST. LEONARDS Handy Bk. Prop. Law xii. 77 The order may be reviewed or may be appealed from.
1892 Law Times Rep. 67 211/1 The court, on appeal, can review the exercise of his discretion by the County Court Judge.
1935 Amer. Econ. Rev. 25 253 The Supreme Court's refusal to review the case.
1958 Times 6 Sept. 8/6 The D.O...may still..tour his District, and still review cases in the Native Courts.
2005 Daily Tel. 3 Dec. 18/8 A court's decision to clear a man of sexual assault charges..is to be reviewed.
2. trans. To make a ceremonial or formal inspection of (troops, etc.); to hold a review of.
1574 J. BARET Alvearie at
Correct, To muster or reuewe men of warre.
1647 W. BROWNE tr. M. Le Roy Gomberville
Hist. Polexander IV. ii. 195 Bajazet the same day review'd the whole Army [Fr.
Bajazet fit le iour mesme la reueuë de tous les corps].
1713 London Gaz. No. 5106/3, The Lords..have Review'd the greater Part of the Out-Pensioners.
1738 E. CHAMBERS Cycl. (ed. 2) at
Order, Order of battel, is the placing the battalions..in order to engage the enemy, or to be reviewed by the general.
1828 T. CAMPBELL Lines Departure Emigrants 73 Hosts review'd in dazzling files and squares.
1841 DICKENS Old Curiosity Shop II. lii. 90 He charged the boy to run off and bring his schoolmates to be marshalled before their new master, and solemnly reviewed.
1889 Infantry Drill 443 When troops are reviewed in line of quarter columns, the brigadier only will accompany the reviewing general.
1930 J. DOS PASSOS 42nd Parallel i. 1 General Miles remounted his horse and reviewed the parade as if it were an everyday occurrence.
1994 Amer. Spectator Nov. 9/1 In Tripoli, he reviewed a military parade in a short-sleeved uniform.
3. trans.
a. To view or inspect a second or further time.
Often in contrast with view. Now usually pronounced with the stress on the first syllable, and written re-view: cf. REVIEW n. 10.
1576 A. FLEMING Panoplie Epist. To Rdr. sig. ¶v
v, To such a one I giue counsel..to view & reuiew..such weapons as he shall finde in this our Panoplie.
1591 H. SAVILE tr. Tacitus
Ende of Nero I. xliv. 24 No heade did he [
sc. Otho] view and reuiew so insatiably.
c1616 R. C. Times' Whistle (1871) Epigrammi Satiron 28 Many hundred..eyes View, and review, each line, each word, as spies.
1650 R. WITHERS tr. O. Bon
Descr. Grand Signor's Seraglio 162 These slaves are bought, and sold, as beasts, and cattle are, they being vewed, and revewed.
1762 L. STERNE Life Tristram Shandy VI. i. 2 How they view'd and re-view'd us as we passed over the rivulet.
1816 SCOTT Old Mortality xii, in
Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. III. 236 [They] were on the battlements again, viewing and reviewing the state of their preparations.
1844 Yale Literary Mag. Feb. 182 Like a lazy heir, we have received our patrimony, and are set down.to count and re-count, to view and re-view the golden inheritance.
1922 W. J. LOCKE Tale of Triona xxvi. 372 Its [
sc. England's] eagerness to race through a beloved land..and view or re-view historic spots of loveliness.
1992 J. S
TAIGER Interpreting Films v. 101 You can bring to mind not only the images but also your feelings as the American populace viewed and re-viewed them.
b To see or behold again. Obs.
1591 Troublesome Raigne Iohn I. sig. C3, Twice will I not review the Mornings rise, Till I haue torne that Trophei from thy back.
1613 S. PURCHAS Pilgrimage IX. iv. 842 Long it was before his longing could be satisfied to reuiew his Countrey and friends.
1697 DRYDEN tr. Virgil
Æneis IV, in tr. Virgil
Wks. 311 My Choice would lead me to the Trojan Shore, Those Reliques to review, their Dust adore.
1725 W. BROOME in Pope et al. tr. Homer
Odyssey II.
VI. 347 Would'st thou soon review thy native plain?
1769 W. FALCONER Shipwreck (ed. 3)
I. 19 Where, anxious to review his native shore, He on the roaring wave embark'd once more.
1796 S. PEGGE Anonymiana (1809) 4 Upon reviewing a place after an absence of some time, the several actions which formerly have passed there are wont to occur to the mind.
4. trans.
a. To look over or through (a document, book, etc.) in order to correct or improve it; to revise.
In quot. 1622 intr., with object implied.
1585 R. PARSONS Christian Directorie Pref. f. 20, First, the whole booke hath bene reuewed, and both amplified and bettered.
1603 P. HOLLAND tr. Plutarch
Morals 1274 Dionysius had put into his hands a tragedy of his owne making, commanding him to review [Fr.
reueoir] and correct the same.
1622 W. J
AGGARD in A. Vincent
Discov. Errours Catal. Nobility sig. ¶6
v, He viewed, reuiewed, directed, corrected, or whatsoeuer els.
1639 N. N. tr. J. Du Bosq
Compl. Woman I. B, This is certain, they have put the Author of this booke upon it, to review it well.
1695 J. EDWARDS Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. III. viii. 360 Ezra..reviewed the Copies, and amended all Errata's.
a1715 BP. G. BURNET Hist. Own Time (1724) I. Pref., I am now beginning to review and write over again the history of my own time.
1724 J. H
ENLEY in J. Henley et al. tr. Pliny the Younger
Epist. & Panegyrick I.
IV. xxvi. 201 You desire me to review and amend my Books, which you have very carefully Collected.
1869 Buffalo Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 8 115, I have, therefore, reviewed and corrected all parts of it [
sc. a text] with scrupulous care.
1901 B. B. W
ARFIELD Printing Westm. Confess. I. 421 Two committees were appointed, the one to draw up the draft of the revised Confession, the other to review and revise the work of the first.
2000 R. J. G
OLDSTEIN Amer. Aquarium Fishes p. xiii, Many persons have contributed to this book, from collecting with me..to providing research papers or reviewing the manuscript.
b. To re-examine (lit. and fig.); to reconsider. Obs. (in later use merging with sense 5a).
1607 J. NORDEN Surveyors Dialogue I. 31 Euery Lord of a Mannor should cause his Lands to be duly seene, and truly surueyed and certifyed, and once in seuen or tenne yeares to haue it reuiewed.
a1687 W. PETTY Polit. Anat. Ireland (1691) 18 Those who think 154,000 were so destroyed ought to review the grounds of their Opinion.
1743 G. B
ENSON Reasonablenesse Christian Relig. Pref. 14 A well disposed person will frequently review the..reasons of his Faith.
a1774 A. TUCKER Light of Nature (1831) IV. xxvi. 43 It will behove us sedulously to employ every opportunity for nourishing and strengthening it [
sc. our principle], first by often reviewing the grounds of conviction.
5. trans.
a. To look at or over, to survey; to take a survey of (something). Now chiefly with immaterial object. Occas. intr.
1588 A. MUNDAY tr.
Palmerin D'Oliua I. xxxi. f. 75
v, Lewes kept company wyth the Duchesse,..reuiewing [Fr.
considerant de rechef] her beautie so perfecte and rare.
1609 SHAKESPEARE Sonnets lxxiv. sig. E4, When thou reuewest this, thou doest reuew, The very part was consecrate to thee.
1632 W. LITHGOW Totall Disc. Trav. VIII. 347 After ten dayes feasting, reviewing Heidleberg, [we]..set forward.
1678 J. BUNYAN Pilgrim's Progress 20 The which [parlour], after he had reviewed a little while, the Interpreter called for a man to sweep.
1716 POPE Epist. Jervas in C. A. du Fresnoy
Art of Painting sig. A6
v, How oft [do we] review; each finding like a Friend Something to blame, and something to commend.
1787 T. JEFFERSON Writings (1859) II. 291 When I review his dispositions, and review his conduct, I have little hope.
1799 R. SICKELMORE Agnes & Leonora I. 57 They adjourned to the stable, to review the beast that had been so mystically introduced.
1800 E. HERVEY Mourtray Family I. 164 With his eyes seemingly cast down, he was employed in reviewing the charms of her lovely daughter.
1862 B. BRODIE Psychol. Inq. II. i. 28 [He] reviews the whole of the facts..before he ventures to draw any conclusions from them.
1954 K. AMIS Lucky Jim (1961) xv. 155 He decided not to review his financial position.
1997 J. B
IRMINGHAM He died with Felafel in his Hand (new ed.) viii. 169, I stood on the turn in the staircase for some time, reviewing the options.
b. To look back upon (a period, event, etc.); to regard or survey in retrospect.
1597 W. WARNER Albions Eng. (new ed.)
I. ii. 7 Her heart, reuiued, skippes, Reuiewing life where reckned death had wrought repentant teares.
1665 M. MEAD Solomon's Prescription 12 It is the duty of every one..to call himself to a strict account, and impartially to look into his heart, and review his life.
1779 JOHNSON Duke in
Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets IV. 2 Some of his compositions are such as he must have reviewed with detestation in his later days.
a1784 T. L
ETCHWORTH Twelve Disc. (1787) 18 If we..review our frequent revoltings.., there is scarcely a soul present but must feel some degree of remorse.
1815 WORDSWORTH White Doe of Rylstone II. 31 The past he calmly hath reviewed.
1850 THACKERAY Pendennis II. xv. 140 As from a precipice down which he might have fallen,..he reviewed the Fanny Bolton snare, now that he had escaped out of it.
a1865 E. C. GASKELL Wives & Daughters (1866) I. xxix. 328 ‘I don't like his looks,’ thought Mr. Gibson to himself at night, as..he reviewed the events of the day.
1892 R. L. STEVENSON & L. O
SBOURNE Wrecker xxii. 445 Long sleepless nights, when he reviewed his foolish and fruitless career.
1924 J. GALSWORTHY White Monkey I. i. 1 He reviewed the revolution which had restored his Party to power with a detachment not devoid of humour.
1954 W. M
ARCH Bad Seed v. 101 She looked back, reviewing the little girl's life..in an effort to see how she had gone wrong in training or affection.
2005 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 8 Mar. (Good Living section) 12 Reviewing our week of eating ethically, we noticed how European our diet had been.
c. To examine or assess (legislation, a policy, a procedure, etc.) formally or officially with the intention of instituting change if necessary.
1760 Mod. Part Universal Hist. XXIII.
XIX. iv. 142 He [
sc. the king] reviewed the laws, and made in them such alterations as he thought absolutely necessary, without going farther.
1810 Jrnl. 21st House of Representatives Pennsylvania 77 The board have carefully reviewed the existing health law, and have likewise attended to the operations of its provisions... There are several very great defects in the law as it now stands, all of which we believe may be removed by the Legislature.
1899 Times 6 Sept. 9/6 He thinks the publication of the reports of the Royal Commission will cause all temperance bodies to review their policies.
1899 Message Governor Hazen S. Pingree 40th Legislature Mich. 42 It proceeded to create commissions authorized to review the rents of Irish lands and fix them at a figure that would enable the people to live.
1910 W. LEE-WARNER Native States India iv. 106 The universal outcry compelled statesmen to review their policies and amend their worn-out phrases.
1972 Jrnl. Social Psychol. 87 92 Instructions to both operator and estimator were reviewed.
1991 Brit. Jrnl. Criminol. 21 348 After six hours the detention is reviewed at intervals of no more than nine hours until twenty-four hours have elapsed, after which a superintendent has to give authorization for detention to continue.
2001 Brit. Educ. Res. Jrnl. 27 255 Over this period, however, many establishments reviewed their policies at GCSE, partly in response to the publication of results in league tables.
d. To give a general report or review of (a subject, etc.); to summarize or evaluate.
1833 A. S. D
OANE tr. G Dupuytren
Clin. Lect. Surg. xvii. 229 It is by reviewing the clinical lectures of the celebrated surgeon-in-chief... that we can form an exact idea of his numerous contributions to modern surgery.
1874 J. R. GREEN Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §2. 461 We must cursorily review the fortunes of Protestantism during the reign of Elizabeth.
1884 Boston Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 7 Aug. 136/2 The writer then minutely reviewed the literature on the subject of Rhinolithiasis.
1950 Building Sci. Abstr. 23 358 This report..reviews the advantages and disadvantages of the process.
1971 Nature New Biol. 16 June 195/1 Professor P. F. Wareing..reviewed the environmental and hormonal factors controlling seed dormancy.
2001 B. R
IEMSCHNEIDER & U. G
ROSENICK Art Now 6 Our purpose is solely to review recent and current developments that have been showcased in galleries.
e. To subject (a person or piece of work) to peer review; = PEER REVIEW v.
1975 Nature 4 Dec. 382/1 Most of the rest are reviewed by a panel only, frequently with the applicant along to discuss his proposals, while a few are not peer-reviewed at all. 1998 Peer Rev. in Environmental Technol. Devel. Programs (U.S. Dept. Energy) ii. 31 In the committee's interim report, the peer review process was defined by the following five general steps: 1. selection of proposals, projects or programs to be reviewed, [etc.]. 2004 D. SHATZ Peer Rev. ii. 36 Referees are expected to provide objective evaluations of the works they review.
6. a. trans. To write a critical appraisal of (a book or, in later use, a play, film, etc.), typically for publication in a newspaper or magazine; to appraise (a writer, artist, or the like) in this way. Also in extended use: to asses, critically appraise (a service, product) for the information of consumers.
1705 W. E.
Florilegus i. 5 It is my purpose to deal very fairly with the Author of this Book, which I am to Review in this First Part of my Commentary.
1782 W. COWPER Let. 1 Apr. in
Wks. (1836) IV. 212, I am reviewed, and my book forwarded in its progress by a judicious recommendation.
1809 BYRON Eng. Bards & Sc. Reviewers 549 See honest Hallam..Resume his pen, review his Lordship's work.
1873 E. BULWER-LYTTON Kenelm Chillingly II.
IV. iv. 232 By the way, when we come by-and-by to review the exhibition at Burlington House, there is one painter whom we must try our best to crush.
1892 A. D
OBSON 18th Cent. Vignettes 59 He drew up the ‘Proposals’ for a complete edition of her works, and he reviewed her repeatedly.
1936 G. GREENE in
Spectator 5 June 1036/2 In the last eleven months I have reviewed 124 films, of which only 13 conveyed any kind of aesthetic experience.
1968 N.Y Mag. 29 Apr. 6 The address of The Estonian House restaurant, reviewed in the issue of April 15, was incorrectly listed.
1986 InfoWorld 8 Jan. 50 Our product is not for every computer user, and to review the product from that point of view is just not fair.
2008 Guardian (Nexis) 4 Oct. (Review section) 6 Having your work occasionally
rejected
or poorly
reviewedis not a bad thing for a writer.
b. intr. To write reviews; to follow the occupation of a reviewer.
1817 BYRON Epist. from Murray to Polidori 47 Ah, Sir, if you Had but the Genius to review!
1863 E. H. NOEL tr. J. P. F. Richter
Flower, Fruit, & Thorn Pieces (1868) II. ix. 33 ‘Wife,’ said he, ‘I am reviewing for money!’
1914 Forum May 783 The main function of a reviewer is to review, not to travesty.
1997 Scotsman (Nexis) 22 Mar. 13 Bitter hacks who reviewed for a living and dreamed of emulating James Joyce.
7. trans. Educ. (now N. Amer.). To revise or go over (material already studied or learnt); = REVISE v. 2a. Later also intr.
1741 I. WATTS Improvem. Mind I. vi. 101 The Learner..should always recollect and review his Lectures, read over some other Author..upon the same Subject.
?1750 S. BUTLER Ess. upon Educ. 90 A Lad may endeavour to become acquainted with the Language. Let every Word be explained that he doth not understand... After this, he may review the Lesson.
1807 G. B
LACKBURN Let. 14 Dec. in
Panoplist (1808) Feb. 417/1 See the little creatures sitting neatly dressed in homespun cotton..frequently reviewing their lessons in order to be ready.
1877 M T. P. M
ANN Guide to Kindergarten 96 In reviewing the lesson the next day, all these words can be written in their manuscript books, with a lead-pencil.
1937 G. O
KERLUND & E. V
INSON Review Exercises Eng. 11 Review the following words from the preceding lists until you can pronounce them without hesitation.
1943 L. W
ILDER Happy Golden Years xviii. 151, I have no time to review and study. If I pass, I have to do it on what I know now.
1995 W. H. A
RMSTRONG Study is Hard Work xiv. 136 Review by reorganizing your course material. Where possible, reduce the subject matter to easily remembered divisions.
2009 San Antonio (
Texas
)
Express-News (Nexis) 22 Mar. 1
A, She spent her spring break reviewing her lessons and practicing English with her younger brothers and sisters.
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